Electric regulating system



Feb. 9, 1943. F MENZEL ELEGTRI C REGULAT ING SYSTEM Original Filed March 22, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet l in van for xflforney Feb 9, 1943. F. MENZEL 2,310,857

ELECTRI C REGULAT ING S YS TEM Original Filed March 22, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lnvenicr 1 W4Wforney Patented Feb. 9, 1943 ELECTRIC REGULATING SYSTEM Friedrich Menzel, Stuttgart, Germany;

vested in the Alien Property Custodian Original application March 22, 1939, Serial No.

263,496. Divided and this application October 7 Claims.

This invention relates to an electric regulating system for electric control governor.

This application is a division application Serial No. 263,496, 1939.

It has been found that the regulators of parallel operating light dynamos in most cases do not regulate their dynamos to exactly similar voltages.

of my copending filed March 22,

cult to the However, under action of its voltage coil the cut-out is immediately closed again. As a result, the cut-out is opening and closing its contacts in rapid succession, whereby the contacts are heavily stressed and worn out prematurely.

It is an important object of the present invention to avoid such deleterious phenomena in the invention consists not only in the structures herein pointed out and illustrated by the drawings, but includes further structures coming with- 3, 1941, Serial No. 413,535. In Germany April added to the reference numeral of the lower circuitin each figure.

According to the invention, th regulators are so arranged that in case or a return current flowing from the dynamo producing higher voltage to the dynamo producing lower voltage, the control governor of the dynamo producing lower voltage influences the magnetisation of its associated regulator in a manner to produce an increased voltage in the associated dynamo.

Advantageously the control governor has a pair of electrically interconnected contacts, one of said contacts connecting the current coil of the regulator in case 01' return currents, for magnetizing the core of the regulator in a direction opposite to that of its associated voltage coil.

Referring now to the drawings in greater detail, and first to Fig. 1, it will be noted that each light dynamo I or I, respectively, has a field coil 2 or 2, respectively, and a resistance 3 or 3', respectively, connected in series with its field coil. The storage battery is indicated at; l and devices to be supplied with current are shown at 5, the battery 4 and the devices 5 making up the common consuming circuit.

Each dynamo has associated with. it a regulator device, comprising two electromagnets each, indicated at 6 and I3, or G and I3", respectively. The electro-magnets E and 6 ar centrally mounted in a U-shaped magnet frame 25 or 25', respectively, and are surrounded by a voltage coil 1 or I, and a current coil 8 or 8. The volt age coils 1 and 1' at their lower ends are connected to the ground, or to the body of the machine or vehicle, while the current coils 8 and 8' at their lower ends are electrically connected to their magnetic cores 6 0r 6', respectively, as indicated. By means of leaf springs 20 and 26, or 20' and 26', two armatures 9 and ID or 9' and I0 are suspended from the free ends of the outer legs of the magnet frames 25 and 25'. Provided on the downwardly directed leg of the angle-shaped armature 9 or 9' is a contact sprin 28 or 28 carrying a contact I! or H for cooperation with a contact 2| or 2|. Moreover, a contact spring 29 or 29' carrying two contacts l2 and 22, or l2 and i2, is mounted on the downwardly extending leg of the angle shaped armature Hi or ID. The contact l2 or I2 is adapted to cooperate with a contact 23 or 23' while the provided for cooperation with of a U-shaped contact holder interconnecting the contacts 23 and and insulated from the magcontact 22 or 22 is a contact 24 or 24 33 or 33' 24, or 23' and 24',

angle-shaped armature IE, or

2 net frame 25 or 25' on which it is mounted, by a layer of insulating material 34 or 34.

The electromagnet core I3, or I3, together with an L-shaped magnet irame 30, or 39, forms a magnetic circuit which is energized by a voltage coil I4, or I4, the lower end of which is grounded, and a current coil I5, or I5. Suspended from the free end of the L-member 30, or 30', by means of a leaf spring 3|, or 3|, is an I5, comprising a contact I1, or I1, at its depending arm, adapted for cooperation with a contact 21, or 21', which through a bracket 35, or 35' and .an insulating layer 36, or 38', is mounted on the L-member 30, or 39'. The two magnetic frames 25 and 30, or 25' and 30', are insulated from the ground, or from the body of the machine or vehicle, re-

spectively, and interconnected through a conductor I8, or l8.

The members 9 and 3' constitute the armatures of the two cut-outs or charging switches, while members I 0 and I0 constitute the armatures of the two control governors and members I6 and I6 constitute the armature of the two regulators. In the position of rest, as shown, the pairs of contacts II, 2| or II, 2|, are open, while the pairs of contacts 22, 24, or 22', 24', and the contacts I1, 21, or I1, 21 are closed. Through the contacts I1, 21, or I1, 21, and parts I6, 3|, 30, I8, 25, 9, or I8, 3|, 30', I8, 25', 8', respectively, the field resistance 3, or 3', is shortcircuited.

The operation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 is as follows:

As soon as the two dynamos I and I', produce a sufllcient voltage, the armatures 9 and 9 of I the two cut-outs are attracted under action of their voltage coils '1 and 1, whereby the pairs of contacts II, 2|, and II', 2| are closed. Moreover, the force of spring 26 is so related to the attraction exerted by core 3 that the pairs of contacts 22, 24 or 22, without closing, however, the pairs of contacts I2, 23 or I2, 23,. With the tension of the two generators land I rising, the armatures I6 and I6 01 the two regulators are attracted under action 01' their voltage coils I4 or I4, with the result that the pairs of contacts I1, 21, or I1, 21', are opened and the short-circuit for the resistance 3, or 3', in the field circuit of the generator is interrupted. It follows that the'resistance 3,

or 3', is now introduced into the field circuit of the machine, in series with the field coil 2, where-.

by the excitation is weakened and the voltage of the generator is reduced. As the voltage reaches a predetermined lower value, the armature I3 is released and the field resistance 3 is again shortcircuited, whereby the excitation of the generator is again augmented and its voltage is increased. These two actions are now alternating in rapid succession, afterthe manner of a vibration regulator, with the result that the voltage is maintained substantially constant until a given maximum intensity of current is reached.

The current coil 8, or 3, tends to increase the magnetisation of core 6, or 6, effected by the voltage coil 1, or 1', As soon as the current supplied by the generator I, or I, reaches a predetermined intensity, the armature I0, 01' I0, of the control governor is attracted to such an extent as to close the contacts I2, 23, or I2, 23, thereby connecting the current coil I5, or I5, of the regulator 30, I3, or 30', I3, in parallel to the current coil 8, or 8', of the electromagnet 6, I3, is now magnetised by or 6'. The core I3, or

24', respectively, are opened,-

' the current coil I5, or IS, in the same sense as Consequently, the

' reduced by a decrease or the voltage, the armature I0, or ID of the control governor is caused to oscillate to and fro, opening and closing the contacts I2, 23, or I2, 23' in rapid succession.

Now, assuming that the generatorlregulates for a higher voltage than the generator |,'a current will fiow from generator I' to generator I, through the conductors 31', 31, causing a return current through the current coil 8. Thus, the magnetisation of electromagnet 6 is weakened by such an amount that while armature 9 still remains attracted, retaining the contacts II, 2| in their closed position, armature I0 is allowed to return into its postiion of rest, under action of its spring, thereby closing the contacts 22, 24. Consequently, the current coil I5 of the regulator is now also traversed by return current, through the members 33, 24, 22, 29, I0, 26, 25, 20, 9, 28, II, 2|, 31. As a'result, the core I3 is now magnetised by current coil I5 in an opposite direction to voltage coil I4, whereby armature I3 is allowed to return to its position of rest, under action of its spring 3|, closing the contacts I1,

' 21 and short-circuiting resistance 3, whereby the voltage of generator I is increased and equalised to that of generator I. Therefore, the return current flowing into the generator I is restricted to a low figure which is insufiicient to cause opening of the contacts II, 2| of the cut-out. Of course, it generator I is regulated to a lower voltage than-generator I, similar switching op erations of the various relays of generator I' will ruption at II, 2|, if the closing of contacts 22, 24 fails to restore normal voltage conditions or at least to limit the return current through coil 8 to a small value which is insufiicient to cause release of armature 9.

The circuit shown in Fig. 2 differs from. Fig. 1 only as regards the contacts 23a, 24a, or 23a, 24'a cooperatingwith contacts I2 and 22, or l2 and 22'. These contacts 23a, 23a and 23a, 24'a unlike contacts 23, 24 and 23', 24', Fig. l, are not interconnected by a common U-shaped holder, but the contacts 23, 23'a are connected to coils I5, ,I5', while contacts 24a, 24'a, are connected to separate voltage coils 32 or 32', respectively, which as shown are arranged to produce a magnetisation opposing that of voltage coils I4, I4, whereby the regulator in case of return current regulates for higher tension. The operation of this system otherwise is the same as described with reference to Fig. 1 and, therefore, will not require detailed explanation.

The method and apparatus of the present invention have been described in detail with referwill respond to it ence to specific embodiments. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the specific examples given, but is broader in scope and includes embodiments, other than those specifically described and illustrated in the drawings, such as are covered by the claims.

I claim:

1. In an electric circuit system, a common consuming circuit, two generators parallel connected to said common consuming circuit and, associated to each generator, first means adapted to make and break connection between their generator and said common consuming circuit and tending to prevent return currents from said consuming circuit by breaking said connection, second means adapted to regulate their generator for production of a substantially constant voltage until reaching a predetermined maximum current through said first means and further adapted to regulate their generator for production of a rapidly decreasing voltage as said maximum current is exceeded, and third means adapted to respond to the return currents flowing into their associated generator from the parallel generator, by influencing their associated second means in a manner to regulate their generator to an increased voltage, for precluding breaking action of said first means as a result of slight voltage differences between the two generators.

2. In an electric circuit system in vehicles, a common consuming circuit, two generators connected in parallel for feeding said common consuming circuit and, associated to each generator, first electromagnetic relay means adapted for making and breaking connection between their generator and said common consuming circuit under control of combined voltage and current windings tending to prevent return currents from said consuming circuit through said first relay means, second electromagnetic relay means adapted to regulate their generator for production of a substantially constant voltage up to a predetermined maximum current passing through said first relay, but to regulate for production of a rapidly decreasing voltage as said maximum current is exceeded, and third electromagnetic relay means adapted to respond to return currents passing through their first relay and to influence their second relay in a manner to regulate its generator to an increased voltage in case of such return currents.

3. In an electric circuit system in vehicles, a common consuming circuit, two generators connected in parallel for feeding said common consuming circuit and, associated to each generator, first electromagnetic relay means adapted for making and breaking connection between their generator and said common consuming circuit under control of combined voltage and current windings tending to prevent return currents from said consuming circuit through said first relay means, second electromagnetic relay means adapted to regulate their generator for production of a substantially constant voltage up to a predetermined maximum current passing through said first ,relay, but to regulate for production of a rapidly decreasing voltage as said maximum current is exceeded, and third electromagnetic relay means adapted to respond already to smaller return currents than their first relay and to influence their second relay in a manner to regulate its generator to an increased voltage already in case of such smaller return currents.

4. In an electric circuit system, a common consuming circuit, two generators connected for parallel feed to said common consuming circuit, and, associated to each generator, an electromagnetic cut-out adapted for making and breaking connection between its generator and said common consuming circuit under control of a voltage coil and a current coil of said cutout tending to prevent return currents from said consuming circuit into the generator, an electromagnetic regulator adapted to regulate its generator for production of a substantially constant voltage until reaching a predetermined maximum current passing through said cut-out,

under action of a voltage coil of said regulator,

and an electromagnetic control governor acted upon by a current coil and a voltage coil and adapted to switch in a current coil of said regulator as said predetermined maximum current is exceeded, whereby said regulator tends to regulate its generator to a rapidly decreasing voltage, said control governor moveover being adapted to switch in said regulator current coil in case of a return current passing through the current coil of the control governor, whereby said regulator current coil opposes its voltage coil and tends to regulate its generator to an increased voltage.

5. In an electric circuit system, a common consuming circuit, two generators connected for parallel feed to said common consuming circuit, and, associated to each generator, an electromagnetic cut-out adapted for making and said common consuming circuit under control breaking connection between its generator and of a voltage coil and a current coil of said cutout tending to prevent return currents from said consuming circuit into the generator, an electromagnetic regulator adapted to regulate its generator for production of a substantially constant voltage until reaching a predetermined maximum current passing through said cutout, under action of a voltage coil of said regulator, and an electromagnetic control governor acted upon by a current coil and a voltage coil and adapted to switch in a current coil of said regulator as said predetermined maximum current is exceeded, whereby said regulator tends to regulate its generator to a rapidly decreasing voltage, said control governor moreover being adapted to switch in an auxiliary coil of said regulator in case of a return current passing through the current coil of the. control governor. whereby a magnetisation of the regulator core is produced opposing the magnetisation produced by its voltage coil and tending to release the armature of the regulator for increasing the voltage of the generator.

6. In an electric circuit system, a common consuming circuit, two generators parallel connected to said common consuming circuit and associated to each generator, first means adapted to make and breakconnection between their generator and said common consuming circuit and tending to prevent return currents from said consuming circuit by breaking said connection, second means adapted to regulate their generator for production of a substantially constant voltage until reaching a predetermined maximum current through said first means and further adapted to regulate their generator for production of a rapidly decreasing voltage as said maximum current is exceeded, said regulations being eifected by selectively inserting and short-circuiting aqresistance in the field circuit of the generator, and third means adapted to respond to return currents flowing into their as sociated generator from the parallel generator, by influencing their associated second means in a manner to regulate their generator to an increased voltage, for precluding breaking action of said first means as a result of slight voltage differences between the two generators.

'7. In an electric circuit system, a common consuming circuit, two generators connected for parallel feed to said common consuming circuit, and, associated to each generator, an electromagnetic cut-out adapted for making and breaking connection between its generator and said common consuming circuit under control of a voltage coil and a current coil of said outout tending to prevent return currents from said consuming circuit into the generator, an electromagnetic regulator adapted to regulate its generator for production of a substantially constant voltage until reaching a predetermined maximum current passing through said cut-out, under action of a voltage coil of said regulator. and an electromagnetic control governor acted upon by said cut-out coils and adapted to switch in a current coil of said regulator as said pre determined maximum current is exceeded, whereby said, regulator tends to regulate its generator to a rapidly decreasing voltage, said control governor moreover being adapted to switch in an auxiliary coil, of said regulator in case of a return current passing through the current coil of the cut-out, whereby a magnetisation of the regulator core is produced opposing the magnetisation produced by its voltage coil and tending to release the armature of the regulator for increasing the voltage of the generator.

FRIEDRICH MENZEL. 

